1)系统误差也叫可测误差，一般包括仪器的本身波动；样品的给定值和实际值存在一定的偏差（标准样品的元素定值方法可能和实际检测方法不一致，这样检测结果会有方法上的差异；同一种方法的检测结果也存在一定的波动）；待测样品和系列标样之间存在成分的差异，可能导致在蒸发、解离过程中的误差，如背景强度的差别和基体蒸发的差异等。

1) the system error is also called measurement error, including the instrument itself fluctuations; there are some deviations were given value and the actual value (standard sample element method possible and practical detection method is not consistent, so the results will vary; method of detection on the same way there are some results the fluctuation of the measured components); there are differences between the sample and standard sample series, may lead to errors in evaporation and dissociation process, such as the background intensity difference between evaporation and matrix.

2)偶然误差是一种无规律性的误差，如试样不均匀；检测时周围的温湿度、电源电压等的变化；样品本身的成分差异等。

2) accidental error is a kind of irregular error, such as uneven specimen, temperature and humidity, power supply voltage and so on.

3)过失误差是指分析人员工作中的操作失误所得到的结果，可以避免。如制样不精确，样品前处理不符合要求，控样和待测试样存在制样偏差，选择了错误的分析程序等。

3) the error of negligence refers to the result of the error in the operation of the analyst, which can be avoided. If the sample is not accurate, the sample pretreatment does not meet the requirements, the control sample and the test sample have the deviation of sample preparation, and the wrong analysis program is selected.