Because the near infrared has good transmission characteristics in general, and the instrument is simple, fast, non-destructive analysis and small amount of sample preparation, almost suitable for all kinds of samples (liquid, viscous body, coating, powder and solid) analysis, multicomponent simultaneous determination of multi channel etc., become online analysis in a wonderful instrument. In recent years, with the development of chemometrics, optical fiber and computer technology, on-line near infrared spectroscopy technology is to speed the amazing application in many fields including agriculture and animal husbandry, food, chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, tobacco, etc., for scientific research, teaching and production process control provides a very broad space. Spectrum analyzer is applied in iron and steel metallurgy, nonferrous metals, petrochemical industry, machinery manufacturing, energy and electric power, railway transportation, aerospace, food hygiene, environmental protection, teaching, research and other fields.

直读光谱仪一般属于原子发射光谱，应用于冶金，铸造，有色，黑色金属鉴别，石化，机械制造等行业。国际上比较有名的有美国热电（收购瑞士ARL），德国斯派克，德国布鲁克，日本岛津等比较有名。

The direct reading spectrometer generally belongs to the atomic emission spectrum, which is used in metallurgical, foundry, colored, black metal identification, petrochemical, mechanical manufacturing and other industries. It is known internationally with the American thermoelectricity (the acquisition of Swiss ARL), German Spike, German Brook, and Japanese SHIMADZU.

手持式光谱仪属于X射线荧光光谱仪，同样属于原子发射光谱仪，但和直读光谱的激发方式不一样，直读光谱靠高压放电激发，X射线是通过X光管来激发，接收原件也不同，检测元素范围和精度低于直读光谱，但应用于合金材料牌号鉴别以及混料筛选，废料回收，野外材料牌号鉴别有特殊用途，因可以做的小巧，一般做成手持式，方便携带。

The handheld spectrometer belongs to the X ray fluorescence spectrometer, belonging to the same atomic emission spectrometer, and the excitation spectrum but not the same as the spectrum by high voltage discharge excited X ray through the X light tube to stimulate, receiving the original elements are different, detection range and accuracy low in the spectrum, but it should be used for identification of material and alloy mixing screening, waste recycling, special purpose material for field identification, can do small, generally made of handheld, portable