关于X荧光光谱分析特点

Characteristics of X fluorescence spectrum analysis

    由于X射线荧光的能量比较大，样品被激发后，产生的特征X射线极易被吸收，而从样品中发射出来的荧光很少，也即是荧光产额很少。因此采用X荧光光谱仪测量微量元素，不是特长，因此不要把精力过分地放在低含量元素分析上。

As the energy of X ray fluorescence is larger and the sample is excited, the characteristic X rays are easily absorbed, but the fluorescence emitted from the sample is very few, that is, the fluorescence yield is very little. Therefore, the use of X fluorescence spectrometer to measure trace elements is not very long, so do not focus too much on the analysis of low content elements.

同理，对于轻元素，如硼、碳、氮、氧等，也不要指望有多好的检出限；但对于高含量的轻元素分析，却有很高的精度。本人曾分析生铁中3%左右的碳，标准偏差不超过0.1%；分析钼铁中60%左右的钼，误差不超过0.2%；分析硅石中90%左右的二氧化硅的含量，误差不超过0.3%等。而对微量元素，镁的检量限，低于0.01%，峰几乎没有了；钠，低于0.05%，峰也没了，连强度都没了还怎么测？由此说明X荧光光谱仪适合于高含量分析，而不适合微量元素的分析。

Similarly, for light elements, such as boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and so on, do not expect to have a good detection limit, but for the high content of light element analysis, it has a high accuracy. I have analyzed about 3% of the carbon in the pig iron, the standard deviation is not more than 0.1%; the analysis of molybdenum in the molybdenum iron is not more than 0.2%, and the error is not more than 0.2%; the content of about 90% silicon dioxide in the silica is analyzed, and the error is not more than 0.3%. The limit of detection for trace elements and magnesium is less than 0.01%, the peak is almost gone, sodium is less than 0.05%, and the peak is gone. How can we measure even the intensity is gone? This indicates that X fluorescence spectrometer is suitable for high content analysis, but not suitable for trace element analysis.

2、灵活应用

2, flexible application

  

Such

  经常有些调研、参观的应用人员问我：你用X荧光光谱仪分析什么样品？

I often ask some applications from research and visitors to ask me: what samples do you use X fluorescence spectrometer to analyze?

  我对他说，你应该问我什么不能用荧光分析。

I said to him, you should ask me what I can't use fluorescence analysis.

什么意思？

What do you mean?

就是几乎任何样品都可以用荧光分析，但不是全部元素，如:铁矿石,你没必要分析其中的氟、硼等，测也测不准，又如锰铁合金，压片测锰元素测不准，你可以测其它元素如硅、锰、磷等还是很准的。又如萤石，你可能氟测不准，但你可以测量元素其它元素。当然以上都要进行强度校正，如果系数过大，也可以采用参考浓度校正。

Almost any sample can be analyzed with fluorescence, but not all the elements, such as iron ore, you do not need to analyze the fluorine, boron and so on. The measurement is also not accurate, such as ferromanganese, and the measurement of manganese element is accurate. You can measure other elements such as silicon, manganese, phosphorus and so on. Like fluorite, you may not be able to measure fluorine, but you can measure other elements. Of course, all of these must be intensity corrected. If the coefficient is too large, the reference concentration correction can also be used.

3、方法对仪器的影响

3. The influence of the method on the instrument