直读光谱仪检测故障排查

Test fault detection for direct reading spectrometer (1)

直读光谱仪在企业日常生产中肩负着材料的元素分析工作，具有快速，准确，精度高，操作简单等特点，是化学分析方法无法比拟的。一台一线进口直读光谱仪（如GNR S1）可年分析上万组数据，每组数据的准确与否都会对生产的成品至关重要。

The direct reading spectrometer carries the element analysis work in the daily production of the enterprise. It has the characteristics of fast, accurate, high precision, simple operation and so on. It is incomparable by chemical analysis method. A line of imported direct reading spectrometer (such as GNR S1) can analyze tens of thousands of data annually, and the accuracy of each data will be crucial to the finished products.

我们知道，直读光谱仪虽然在操作中较为简单，但是仪器本身却包含了较为复杂的系统，在使用过程中难免会出现一些问题，比如检测过程中某元素数据波动较大等常见问题。为了便于使用者处理运行中所出现的异常现象，缩短仪器停机时间，提高分析的准确性，我们将分享一些直读光谱仪常见的检测故障和排查技巧。

We know that the direct reading spectrometer is relatively simple in operation, but the instrument itself contains a more complex system. In the process of use, there will be some problems, such as the common problems such as the large fluctuation of a certain element in the process of detection. In order to facilitate the user to handle the abnormal phenomenon in the operation, shorten the time of the instrument downtime and improve the accuracy of the analysis, we will share some common detection faults and troubleshooting techniques for the direct reading spectrometer.

直读光谱仪使用过程中，检测结果一向很准，突然发现检测结果偏差较大，这是什么原因呢？

In the process of using direct reading spectrometer, the test result has always been very accurate. Suddenly, it is found that the deviation of test results is large. What is the reason?

我们来看看下面这种情况：

Let's look at the following:

检测的试样是316L不锈钢，其他元素稳定性都很好，为什么铜的检测数据波动较大呢？

The samples tested are 316L stainless steel. The stability of other elements is very good. Why is the fluctuation of copper detection data fluctuating?

检测中选用的工作曲线并没有错，铜的检测值成下滑趋势，推测原因为残留的少量铜对结果产生不利影响。为了证实这一猜想，我们应当对仪器进行检查。

The working curve used in the test is not wrong. The detection value of copper is in a downward trend. It is speculated that a small amount of copper left in the test will adversely affect the result. To confirm this conjecture, we should check the instrument.

首先，我们应该检查激发电极。刚开始操作直读光谱仪的时候，很容易忘记每次测样之后都要清理电极上的附着物。应当使用电极刷将电极刷干净，保证尖端成金属光泽。下面两张图分别是激发过后的电极和清理过后的电极。

First of all, we should check the excited electrode. When you start operating the direct reading spectrometer, it is easy to forget that the attachments on the electrodes should be cleaned after each test. The electrode should be brushed clean with electrode brush to ensure that the tip is metallic. The next two diagrams are the electrodes after the excitation and the cleaned electrodes.

清理前电极                                          清理后电极

Cleaning up front electrode cleaning electrode

其次，应当关注检测试样的表面处理情况。检测结果波动有时并非是仪器导致的，而是样品表面附着了少量其他金属。出现这样的原因可能是磨样机的砂纸没有及时更换，长期不更换的砂纸不仅会出现打磨困难的情况，还会因为金属残留使得其他金属试样表面被污染。

Second, attention should be paid to the surface treatment of the samples. The fluctuation of test results is not caused by instruments, but rather by a small amount of other metals attached to the surface of the sample. The reason may be that the sand paper of the prototype is not changed in time. The sand paper that does not change for a long time will not only be difficult to wear, but also the metal residue can cause the surface of other metal samples to be polluted.

比如，打磨完镍基合金之后，在用磨样机打磨不锈钢，如果打磨时间较短很有可能让不锈钢表面附着少量镍，最终导致检测结果波动和偏高。

For example, after polishing the nickel base alloy, grinding the stainless steel in a grinding machine, if the grinding time is short, it is possible to attach a small amount of nickel to the stainless steel surface, which eventually leads to the fluctuation and the higher test results.

在使用直读光谱仪测样的过程中，还有许多要注意的细节，包括氩气气氛的压力大小，光室温度是否稳定，真空度是否达到要求（如果用的是真空光室的话）。只有确保了各种细节，最终才能获得准确可靠的结果。

In the process of using a direct reading spectrometer, there are many details to be paid attention to, including the pressure of the argon atmosphere, the stability of the light chamber temperature, and the requirement of the vacuum degree (if the vacuum chamber is used). Only by ensuring various details can we get accurate and reliable results.